أهلاً وسهلاً!

Egypt is a country in Africa and borders the countries of Israel, Sudan and Libya. The country boasts a total population of around 114.5 million as of 2023, the large majority of which (95%) live near the Nile River and Nile Delta, which makes sense considering most of the country is empty desert and the Nile provides arable and hospitable land.

History

Egypt's been around for thousands of years and was before 3100 BC fractured into various seperately-led leaders. Eventually, two major regions emerged through the unification and merging of these smaller kingdoms called Upper Egypt (located in the south) and Lower Egypt (in the north).

Around 3100 BC the king of Upper Egypt, King Narmer or Menes conquered the north thus unifying the entire region.

End of native rule

After cycling through hundreds of pharaohs the Persians conquered Egypt in 525 BC before the Greeks in 332 BC and the Romans in 30 BC. When Rome adopted Christianity, Egypt did too and the Coptic Church took care of religious matters. Roman rule lasted up until 641 AD before being replaced by the Arabs under the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates which is also when Egypt transitioned to the Islamic faith.

1250 and beyond

The Mamluks, who were Muslim Turkic slave-soldiers originating from the Caucasus replaced the Arabs in 1250 and ruled until 1517 before losing agains the Ottomans and becoming a Mamluk-influenced Ottoman province.

From 1798-1882 Britain steadily started gaining influence over Ottoman Egypt and when in 1875 Egypt was bankrupt it sold its shares to Britain which made it the majority shareholder over the canal.

From 1882-1914 Britain informally occupied Egypt after a certain nationalist uprising led by Ahmed Urabi called for Egyptian self-determination which would mean British influence would be taking a heavy hit. In 1914 when the Ottomans and Britain were on the opposing sides of WW1 Britain declared Egypt to be a formal British protectorate until 1922 when Egpyt was granted independence where Britain would maintain control over the Suez, maintain military bases and Egyptian foreign policy.

Britain was later forced to leave after the 1956 Suez Crisis where the canal was nationalised and operated by indirectly by Egyptian state through the Suez Canal Authority (SCA) which it still is until this day