State Handbook
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alabama
| Capital | Montgomery (~200,000) |
| Nickname | The Yellowhammer State |
| Motto | "Audemus jura nostra defendere" |
| Area | 52,420 sq mi (30th) |
| Population | ~5.1 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 14, 1819 (22nd) |
| Largest City | Huntsville (~220,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$59,700 (40s) |
alaska
| Capital | Juneau (~31,500) |
| Nickname | The Last Frontier |
| Motto | "North to the Future" |
| Area | 665,384 sq mi (1st) |
| Population | ~700,000 |
| Admitted to Union | January 3, 1959 (49th) |
| Largest City | Anchorage (~291,000 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$86,600 (bottom 10) |
arizona
| Capital | Phoenix (~1.6 million) |
| Nickname | The Grand Canyon State |
| Motto | "Ditat Deus" |
| Area | 113,990 sq mi (6th) |
| Population | ~7.4 million |
| Admitted to Union | February 14, 1912 (48th) |
| Largest City | Phoenix (~1.6 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$66,600 (30s) |
arkansas
| Capital | Little Rock (~200,000) |
| Nickname | The Natural State |
| Motto | "Regnat populus" |
| Area | 53,179 sq mi (29th) |
| Population | ~3.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 15, 1836 (25th) |
| Largest City | Little Rock (~200,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$55,400 (mid-40s) |
california
| Capital | Sacramento (~500,000) |
| Nickname | The Golden State |
| Motto | "Eureka" |
| Area | 163,700 sq mi (3rd) |
| Population | ~40 million |
| Admitted to Union | September 9th, 1850 (31st) |
| Largest City | Los Angeles (~4 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$95,500 (top 5) |
colorado
| Capital | Denver (~715,000) |
| Nickname | The Centennial State |
| Motto | "Nil sine numine" |
| Area | 104,094 sq mi (8th) |
| Population | ~5.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | August 1, 1876 (38th) |
| Largest City | Denver (~715,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$80,000 (top 10) |
connecticut
| Capital | Hartford (~120,000) |
| Nickname | The Constitution State |
| Motto | "Qui transtulit sustinet" |
| Area | 5,543 sq mi (48th) |
| Population | ~3.6 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 9, 1788 (5th) |
| Largest City | Bridgeport (~148,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$83,600 (top 5) |
delaware
| Capital | Dover (~39,000) |
| Nickname | The First State |
| Motto | "Liberty and Independence" |
| Area | 2,489 sq mi (49th) |
| Population | ~1.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 7, 1787 (1st) |
| Largest City | Wilmington (~71,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$75,000 (top 15) |
florida
| Capital | Tallahassee (~200,000) |
| Nickname | The Sunshine State |
| Motto | "In God We Trust" |
| Area | 65,758 sq mi (22nd) |
| Population | ~22.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | March 3, 1845 (27th) |
| Largest City | Jacksonville (~950,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$67,900 (30s) |
georgia
| Capital | Atlanta (~500,000) |
| Nickname | The Peach State |
| Motto | "Wisdom, Justice, Moderation" |
| Area | 59,425 sq mi (24th) |
| Population | ~10.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 2, 1788 (4th) |
| Largest City | Atlanta (~500,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$71,200 (mid-20s) |
hawaii
| Capital | Honolulu (~345,000) |
| Nickname | The Aloha State |
| Motto | "Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono" |
| Area | 10,931 sq mi (43rd) |
| Population | ~1.5 million |
| Admitted to Union | August 21, 1959 (50th) |
| Largest City | Honolulu |
| Median Household Income | ~$95,300 (6th) |
idaho
| Capital | Boise (~240,000) |
| Nickname | The Gem State |
| Motto | "Esto perpetua" |
| Area | 83,569 sq mi (14th) |
| Population | ~1.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | July 3, 1890 (43rd) |
| Largest City | Boise (~240,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$71,600 (mid-20s) |
illinois
| Capital | Springfield (~115,000) |
| Nickname | The Prairie State |
| Motto | "State Sovereignty, National Union" |
| Area | 57,914 sq mi (25th) |
| Population | ~12.6 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 3, 1818 (21st) |
| Largest City | Chicago (~2.7 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$78,400 (top 15) |
indiana
| Capital | Indianapolis (~880,000) |
| Nickname | The Hoosier State |
| Motto | "The Crossroads of America" |
| Area | 36,420 sq mi (38th) |
| Population | ~6.8 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 11, 1816 (19th) |
| Largest City | Indianapolis (~880,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$67,000 (mid-30s) |
iowa
| Capital | Des Moines (~215,000) |
| Nickname | The Hawkeye State |
| Motto | "Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain" |
| Area | 56,273 sq mi (26th) |
| Population | ~3.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 28, 1846 (29th) |
| Largest City | Des Moines (~215,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$71,000 (top 20) |
kansas
| Capital | Topeka (~125,000) |
| Nickname | The Sunflower State |
| Motto | "Ad astra per aspera" |
| Area | 82,278 sq mi (15th) |
| Population | ~2.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 29, 1861 (34th) |
| Largest City | Wichita (~395,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$70,000 (top 25) |
kentucky
| Capital | Frankfort (~28,000) |
| Nickname | The Bluegrass State |
| Motto | "United we stand, divided we fall" |
| Area | 40,408 sq mi (37th) |
| Population | ~4.5 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 1, 1792 (15th) |
| Largest City | Louisville (~620,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$60,000 (low-40s) |
louisiana
| Capital | Baton Rouge (~225,000) |
| Nickname | The Pelican State |
| Motto | "Union, Justice, Confidence" |
| Area | 52,378 sq mi (31st) |
| Population | ~4.6 million |
| Admitted to Union | April 30, 1812 (18th) |
| Largest City | New Orleans (~385,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$55,000 (bottom 10) |
maine
| Capital | Augusta (~19,000) |
| Nickname | The Pine Tree State |
| Motto | "Dirigo" |
| Area | 35,380 sq mi (39th) |
| Population | ~1.4 million |
| Admitted to Union | March 15, 1820 (23rd) |
| Largest City | Portland (~68,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$68,000 (top 30) |
maryland
| Capital | Annapolis (~40,000) |
| Nickname | The Old Line State |
| Motto | "Fatti maschii, parole femine" |
| Area | 12,406 sq mi (42nd) |
| Population | ~6.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | April 28, 1788 (7th) |
| Largest City | Baltimore (~585,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$94,000 (top 5) |
massachusetts
| Capital | Boston (~655,000) |
| Nickname | The Bay State |
| Motto | "Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem" |
| Area | 10,565 sq mi (44th) |
| Population | ~7.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | February 6, 1788 (6th) |
| Largest City | Boston (~655,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$96,000 (top 5) |
michigan
| Capital | Lansing (~112,000) |
| Nickname | The Great Lakes State |
| Motto | "Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice" |
| Area | 96,714 sq mi (10th) |
| Population | ~10.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 26, 1837 (26th) |
| Largest City | Detroit (~620,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$68,000 (top 30) |
minnesota
| Capital | Saint Paul (~310,000) |
| Nickname | The North Star State |
| Motto | "L'Étoile du Nord" |
| Area | 86,936 sq mi (12th) |
| Population | ~5.7 million |
| Admitted to Union | May 11, 1858 (32nd) |
| Largest City | Minneapolis (~430,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$80,000 (top 10) |
mississippi
| Capital | Jackson (~165,000) |
| Nickname | The Magnolia State |
| Motto | "Virtute et armis" |
| Area | 48,432 sq mi (32nd) |
| Population | ~3.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 10, 1817 (20th) |
| Largest City | Jackson (~165,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$52,000 (bottom 5) |
missouri
| Capital | Jefferson City (~44,000) |
| Nickname | The Show Me State |
| Motto | "Salus populi suprema lex esto" |
| Area | 69,707 sq mi (21st) |
| Population | ~6.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | August 10, 1821 (24th) |
| Largest City | Kansas City (~510,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$63,000 (mid-30s) |
montana
| Capital | Helena (~33,000) |
| Nickname | The Treasure State |
| Motto | "Oro y Plata" |
| Area | 147,040 sq mi (4th) |
| Population | ~1.1 million |
| Admitted to Union | November 8, 1889 (41st) |
| Largest City | Billings (~120,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$66,000 (mid-30s) |
nebraska
| Capital | Lincoln (~295,000) |
| Nickname | The Cornhusker State |
| Motto | "Equality before the law" |
| Area | 77,348 sq mi (16th) |
| Population | ~2.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | March 1, 1867 (37th) |
| Largest City | Omaha (~485,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$72,000 (top 25) |
nevada
| Capital | Carson City (~58,000) |
| Nickname | The Silver State |
| Motto | "All for Our Country" |
| Area | 110,572 sq mi (7th) |
| Population | ~3.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | October 31, 1864 (36th) |
| Largest City | Las Vegas (~640,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$69,000 (top 30) |
new hampshire
| Capital | Concord (~44,000) |
| Nickname | The Granite State |
| Motto | "Live Free or Die" |
| Area | 9,349 sq mi (46th) |
| Population | ~1.4 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 21, 1788 (9th) |
| Largest City | Manchester (~115,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$88,000 (top 10) |
new jersey
| Capital | Trenton (~90,000) |
| Nickname | The Garden State |
| Motto | "Liberty and Prosperity" |
| Area | 8,723 sq mi (47th) |
| Population | ~9.3 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 18, 1787 (3rd) |
| Largest City | Newark (~310,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$96,000 (top 5) |
new mexico
| Capital | Santa Fe (~90,000) |
| Nickname | The Land of Enchantment |
| Motto | "Crescit eundo" |
| Area | 121,589 sq mi (5th) |
| Population | ~2.1 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 6, 1912 (47th) |
| Largest City | Albuquerque (~500,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$62,300 (43rd) |
new york
| Capital | Albany (~100,000) |
| Nickname | The Empire State |
| Motto | "Excelsior" |
| Area | 54,555 sq mi (27th) |
| Population | ~19.6 million |
| Admitted to Union | July 26, 1788 (11th) |
| Largest City | New York City (~8.3 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$75,000 (top 10) |
north carolina
| Capital | Raleigh (~480,000) |
| Nickname | The Tar Heel State |
| Motto | "Esse quam videri" |
| Area | 53,819 sq mi (28th) |
| Population | ~10.8 million |
| Admitted to Union | November 21, 1789 (12th) |
| Largest City | Charlotte (~900,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$67,000 (mid-30s) |
north dakota
| Capital | Bismarck (~75,000) |
| Nickname | The Peace Garden State |
| Motto | "Liberty and Union, Now and Forever, One and Inseparable" |
| Area | 70,698 sq mi (19th) |
| Population | ~780,000 |
| Admitted to Union | November 2, 1889 (39th) |
| Largest City | Fargo (~130,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$76,000 (top 10) |
ohio
| Capital | Columbus (~910,000) |
| Nickname | The Buckeye State |
| Motto | "With God, all things are possible" |
| Area | 44,826 sq mi (34th) |
| Population | ~11.8 million |
| Admitted to Union | March 1, 1803 (17th) |
| Largest City | Columbus (~910,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$67,500 (mid-30s) |
oklahoma
| Capital | Oklahoma City (~700,000) |
| Nickname | The Sooner State |
| Motto | "Labor omnia vincit" |
| Area | 69,899 sq mi (20th) |
| Population | ~4.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | November 16, 1907 (46th) |
| Largest City | Oklahoma City (~700,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$59,000 (low-40s) |
oregon
| Capital | Salem (~180,000) |
| Nickname | The Beaver State |
| Motto | "Alis volat propriis" |
| Area | 98,381 sq mi (9th) |
| Population | ~4.3 million |
| Admitted to Union | February 14, 1859 (33rd) |
| Largest City | Portland (~650,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$74,000 (top 15) |
pennsylvania
| Capital | Harrisburg (~50,000) |
| Nickname | The Keystone State |
| Motto | "Virtue, Liberty, and Independence" |
| Area | 46,055 sq mi (33rd) |
| Population | ~13.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 12, 1787 (2nd) |
| Largest City | Philadelphia (~1.6 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$73,000 (top 20) |
rhode island
| Capital | Providence (~190,000) |
| Nickname | The Ocean State |
| Motto | "Hope" |
| Area | 1,545 sq mi (50th) |
| Population | ~1.1 million |
| Admitted to Union | May 29, 1790 (13th) |
| Largest City | Providence (~190,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$74,000 (top 15) |
south carolina
| Capital | Columbia (~140,000) |
| Nickname | The Palmetto State |
| Motto | "Dum spiro spero" |
| Area | 32,020 sq mi (40th) |
| Population | ~5.3 million |
| Admitted to Union | May 23, 1788 (8th) |
| Largest City | Charleston (~155,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$65,000 (mid-30s) |
south dakota
| Capital | Pierre (~14,000) |
| Nickname | The Mount Rushmore State |
| Motto | "Under God the People Rule" |
| Area | 77,116 sq mi (17th) |
| Population | ~920,000 |
| Admitted to Union | November 2, 1889 (40th) |
| Largest City | Sioux Falls (~205,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$71,000 (top 25) |
tennessee
| Capital | Nashville (~690,000) |
| Nickname | The Volunteer State |
| Motto | "Agriculture and Commerce" |
| Area | 42,144 sq mi (36th) |
| Population | ~7.0 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 1, 1796 (16th) |
| Largest City | Nashville (~690,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$65,000 (mid-30s) |
texas
| Capital | Austin (~1 million) |
| Nickname | The Lone Star State |
| Motto | "Friendship" |
| Area | 268,597 sq mi (2nd) |
| Population | ~31.2 million |
| Admitted to Union | December 29, 1845 (28th) |
| Largest City | Houston (~2.3 million) |
| Median Household Income | ~$75,800 (mid-20s) |
utah
| Capital | Salt Lake City (~200,000) |
| Nickname | The Beehive State |
| Motto | "Industry" |
| Area | 84,897 sq mi (13th) |
| Population | ~3.4 million |
| Admitted to Union | January 4, 1896 (45th) |
| Largest City | Salt Lake City (~200,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$79,400 (top 15) |
vermont
| Capital | Montpelier (~8,000) |
| Nickname | The Green Mountain State |
| Motto | "Freedom and Unity" |
| Area | 9,616 sq mi (45th) |
| Population | ~650,000 |
| Admitted to Union | March 4, 1791 (14th) |
| Largest City | Burlington (~45,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$76,000 (top 20) |
virginia
| Capital | Richmond (~230,000) |
| Nickname | The Old Dominion |
| Motto | "Sic semper tyrannis" |
| Area | 42,775 sq mi (35th) |
| Population | ~8.7 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 25, 1788 (10th) |
| Largest City | Virginia Beach (~460,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$85,000 (top 10) |
washington
| Capital | Olympia (~55,000) |
| Nickname | The Evergreen State |
| Motto | "Al-ki" |
| Area | 71,298 sq mi (18th) |
| Population | ~7.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | November 11, 1889 (42nd) |
| Largest City | Seattle (~750,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$84,000 (top 10) |
west virginia
| Capital | Charleston (~48,000) |
| Nickname | The Mountain State |
| Motto | "Montani semper liberi" |
| Area | 24,230 sq mi (41st) |
| Population | ~1.8 million |
| Admitted to Union | June 20, 1863 (35th) |
| Largest City | Charleston (~48,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$51,000 (50th) |
wisconsin
| Capital | Madison (~270,000) |
| Nickname | The Badger State |
| Motto | "Forward" |
| Area | 65,496 sq mi (23rd) |
| Population | ~5.9 million |
| Admitted to Union | May 29, 1848 (30th) |
| Largest City | Milwaukee (~570,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$74,000 (mid-20s) |
wyoming
| Capital | Cheyenne (~65,000) |
| Nickname | The Equality State |
| Motto | "Equal Rights" |
| Area | 97,813 sq mi (10th) |
| Population | ~580,000 |
| Admitted to Union | July 10, 1890 (44th) |
| Largest City | Cheyenne (~65,000) |
| Median Household Income | ~$70,000 (around average) |
IGOs